Magnificent Moths
This list celebrates the beauty and diversity of moths! Moths are some of the most successful creatures on earth and scientists estimate that there are at least 150,000 species!
Christine Young created this list 7 years ago
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![Eubaphe unicolor - Coração-de-Ouro / Golden Heart / Orange Beggar (Robinson, 1869) Lepidoptera: Bombycina: Geometroidea: Geometridae: Larentiinae: Eudulini
Another post of what I believe to be an Eubaphe unicolor (my picture) / Outro post do que penso ser uma Eubaphe unicolor (minha foto): https://www.jungledragon.com/image/61570/eubaphe_cf._unicolor_-_corao-de-ouro_corao-dourado_golden_heart_orange_beggar_robinson_1869.html
Hora / Hour: 13:10:32. / 01:10:32pm.
VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS AQUI:
Aparentemente há duas subespécies de Eubaphe unicolor, mas isto requer confirmação:
Eubaphe unicolor unicolor
Eubaphe unicolor venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
Como quase sempre ocorre com as mariposas, informações são escassas e o estado de distribuição é quase sempre duvidoso. O artigo de Wikipedia que cita esta mariposa exclusivamente para a América do Norte está errado pois há relatos indicando a presença de Eubaphe unicolor no Brasil e em outros países que não fazem parte da América do Norte. O presente artigo é dedicado em satisfazer algumas dúvidas sobre Eubaphe unicolor com a importante menção de que informações são, de fato, escassas.
Eubaphe unicolor é um membro da ordem Lepidoptera, subdivisão Bombycina, superfamília Geometroidea, família Geometridae, subfamília Larentiinae e tribo Eudulini.
Essas são as espécies reconhecidas do gênero Eubaphe:
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe helveta (Barnes, 1907)
Eubaphe integra (Walker, 1866)
Eubaphe lineata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe medea (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe mendica (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe meridiana (Slosson, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cassino & Swett, 1922)
Eubaphe tripunctata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe unicolor (Robinson, 1869)
Eubaphe tritonia (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe moderata (Herbulot, 2001)
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe lobula (Hübner, 1823)
Eubaphe weyenberghii (Snellen, 1878)
Eubaphe deceptata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe hesperina (Burmeister, 1878)
Eubaphe aeëtes (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe antithesis (Dyar, 1914)
Eubaphe bada (Druce, 1890)
Eubaphe biseriata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Eubaphe cupraria (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe nanora (Schaus, 1929)
Eubaphe hyalina (Hulst, 1898)
Eubaphe fieldi (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe lobiformis (Druce, 1899)
Eubaphe orfilai (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe pauper (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cotes & Swinhoe, 1922)
Eubaphe rhotana (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe sombreata (Dognin, 1883)
Eubaphe sulcifera (Warren, 1906)
Eubaphe venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe dulcifera (Forbes, 1917)
Eubaphe eulathes (Dyar, 1920)
Eubaphe daxata (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe pumilata (Fletcher, 1954)
^ Precisa de confirmação
"A espécie em si foi registrada em listas históricas da BC mas não há documentações conhecidas para o Norte do Sudoeste dos EUA. Esses registros são considerados errôneos." (https://books.google.com.br/books?id=wioBCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT202&lpg=PT202&dq=eubaphe+unicolor+brasil&source=bl&ots=qpYpsDlSlr&sig=Wvi6g6YLIpyvavDwRgQQG_L3fSc&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjw8d3nkuraAhWKHpAKHW3ICTAQ6AEIZjAN#v=onepage&q=eubaphe unicolor brasil&f=false)
O último ínstar larval possui um comprimento de cerca de 2.5cm-2.7cm de acordo com os arquivos de BugGuide. O comprimento da pupa mede aproximadamente 1cm. O comprimento das asas posteriores é de cerca de 9mm-13mm. A mariposa é de coloração uniforme, com asas e corpo laranjas; as venações, por vezes, podem ser visíveis nas fotografias pois as asas são atenuadamente translúcidas. As pernas e as antenas são escurecidas; as antenas são semi-eretas. As plantas hospedeiras das larvas são membros de Viola sp., mas foram documentadas em Hybanthus sp. (Violaceae) e Acer sp. (Sapindaceae), sugerindo que Eubaphe unicolor é polifitófaga. Com a coleta, pode ser notado que a mariposa evitava ovipositar nas folhas, preferindo ovipositar a maioria dos ovos em caules mortos e substratos similares. As larvas novas são mineradoras de folhas, e procedem a comer folhas de maneira mais padronizada à medida que envelhecem. As larvas que estavam prestes a pupar teciam redes de seda solta por onde se suspendiam para iniciar o estágio. A pele do último ínstar permanecia presa à pupa e contribuía com a aparência de "detrito", o que pode vir a ser um auxílio à espécie como um mecanismo de camuflagem. A Eubaphe unicolor onde estas observações foram notadas foi coletada na planta hospedeira Viola missouriensis. De acordo com BugGuide, o processo ovo-pupa necessitou de aproximadamente 60 dias.
Os habitats de Eubaphe unicolor incluem florestas decíduas, margens de rios, bosques e clareiras em florestas tropicais, ocorrendo em elevações entre o nível do mar e cerca de 1500m, podendo também serem vistas em habitats urbanos e suburbanos, precisamente onde esta foi encontrada (urbano), no 16º andar de um prédio.
Os adultos descansam com as asas formando um coração. A envergadura de suas asas é de aproximadamente 3,17cm. Os adultos são nectarívoros mas desconheço a(s) planta(s) hospedeira(s).
Fontes:
http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/
https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Eubaphe-unicolor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubaphe
https://bugguide.net/node/view/164025
http://eol.org/pages/283285/overview
http://v3.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=7669
ENGLISH VERSION HERE:
Apparently, there are two subspecies to Eubaphe unicolor, but this requires confirmation:
Eubaphe unicolor unicolor
Eubaphe unicolor venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
As almost always when it comes to moths, informations are scarce and distribution status are doubtful. The Wikipedia article citing this moth exclusively to North America is wrong as reports have indicated Eubaphe unicolor can also be found in Brazil and other countries not part of North America. The present article is dedicated to satisfying some doubts about the Eubaphe unicolor with the important mention that informations on them are indeed scarce.
Eubaphe unicolor is a member of the order Lepidoptera, subdivision Bombycina, superfamily Geometroidea, family Geometridae, subfamily Larentiinae and tribe Eudulini.
These are the recognized species of the genus Eubaphe:
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe helveta (Barnes, 1907)
Eubaphe integra (Walker, 1866)
Eubaphe lineata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe medea (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe mendica (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe meridiana (Slosson, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cassino & Swett, 1922)
Eubaphe tripunctata (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe unicolor (Robinson, 1869)
Eubaphe tritonia (Druce, 1885)
Eubaphe moderata (Herbulot, 2001)
Eubaphe conformis (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe lobula (Hübner, 1823)
Eubaphe weyenberghii (Snellen, 1878)
Eubaphe deceptata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe hesperina (Burmeister, 1878)
Eubaphe aeëtes (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe antithesis (Dyar, 1914)
Eubaphe bada (Druce, 1890)
Eubaphe biseriata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1855)
Eubaphe cupraria (Walker, 1854)
Eubaphe nanora (Schaus, 1929)
Eubaphe hyalina (Hulst, 1898)
Eubaphe fieldi (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe lobiformis (Druce, 1899)
Eubaphe orfilai (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe pauper (Schaus, 1889)
Eubaphe rotundata (Cotes & Swinhoe, 1922)
Eubaphe rhotana (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe sombreata (Dognin, 1883)
Eubaphe sulcifera (Warren, 1906)
Eubaphe venustata (Fletcher, 1954)
Eubaphe dulcifera (Forbes, 1917)
Eubaphe eulathes (Dyar, 1920)
Eubaphe daxata (Druce, 1894)
Eubaphe pumilata (Fletcher, 1954)
^ Needs confirmation
"The species themselves has been reported on historical BC lists but no vouchers are known North of the Southwestern USA. Those reports are deemed erroneous." (https://books.google.com.br/books?id=wioBCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT202&lpg=PT202&dq=eubaphe+unicolor+brasil&source=bl&ots=qpYpsDlSlr&sig=Wvi6g6YLIpyvavDwRgQQG_L3fSc&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjw8d3nkuraAhWKHpAKHW3ICTAQ6AEIZjAN#v=onepage&q=eubaphe unicolor brasil&f=false)
The final instar of the larva has a length of approximately 2.5cm-2.7cm, according to BugGuide data. The pupa's length measured approximately 1cm. The forewing's length is around 9mm-13mm. The moth is uniform in coloring, with orange wings and body and the venations can sometimes be visible through photography due to the slight transulscence of the wings. The legs and the antennae are darkish, the latter semi-erect. The host plants of the larvae are members of Viola sp. but have been reported on Hybanthus sp. (Violaceae) and Acer sp. (Sapindaceae), suggesting the Eubaphe unicolor are polyphytophagous. Through hauling, it could be noted that the moth avoided ovipositing on leaves, instead choosing to place most of the eggs on dead stems and similar substrate. The early larvae were leaf miners, proceeding to eat leaves in a more standard fashion as they aged. The pupating larvae spun loose silk nets from which they suspended themselves to pupate. The last instar's skin remained attached to the pupa and contributed to the debris-like appearance, which might serve the species as a camouflage mechanism. The Eubaphe unicolor in which these observations were noted was reared on the host plant Viola missouriensis. According to BugGuide, the egg to pupa process required approximately 60 days.
The habitats of Eubaphe unicolor include deciduous woodlands, riverbanks, glades and clearings in tropical forests, occuring at elevations between sea level and about 1500m, being also found an urban and suburban habitats, precisely where this one was found (urban) on the 16th floor of a flat.
Adults rest with the wings forming a heart. Their wingspan is of approximately 3,17cm. Adults are nectarivorous but I'm unaware what are (is) their host plant(s).
Sources:
http://www.learnaboutbutterflies.com/
https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Eubaphe-unicolor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubaphe
https://bugguide.net/node/view/164025
http://eol.org/pages/283285/overview
http://v3.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=7669
http://v3.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_SearchTerms?query="Eubaphe unicolor"[tax] América do Sul,Animalia,Arthropoda,Brazil,Ceará,Coração-Dourado,Coração-de-Ouro,Eubaphe,Eubaphe unicolor,Eudulini,Fortaleza,GEOMETROIDEA,Geometrid Moth,Golden Heart,Larentiinae,Lepidoptera,Lepidopterologia,Lepidopterology,Moth,Neotropical](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media.jungledragon.com/images/3305/59624_small.jpg?AWSAccessKeyId=05GMT0V3GWVNE7GGM1R2&Expires=1761782410&Signature=FBo%2B39DAq%2FpQ9ecpWB3sGpFVu%2Fg%3D)
Eubaphe unicolor - Coração-de-Ouro / Golden Heart / Orange Beggar (Robinson, 1869) -
Agylla separata - Agylla Lichen Moth / Mariposa-Agylla (Schaus, 1894) -
![Thysania zenobia - Mariposa-Coruja / Owl Moth / Owlet Moth (Cramer, 1776) Lepidoptera: Bombycina: Noctuoidea: Erebidae: Erebinae: Thermesiini
Another picture: https://www.jungledragon.com/image/62098/thysania_zenobia_-_mariposa-coruja_owl_moth_owlet_moth_cramer_1776.html
And another:
https://www.jungledragon.com/image/62097/thysanura_4-2.html
More pictures here: http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/1716585039
Location: Brazil, Ceará, Fortaleza (Lat: -3.75, Long: -38.51, 16th floor of a flat in an urban habitat)
Date: 10th of May, 2018 at 07:52:23pm.
Thysania zenobia is an uncommon moth in the order Lepidoptera, subdivision Bombycina, superfamily Noctuoidea, family Erebidae, subfamily Erebinae and tribe Thermesiini. This is a male. The name "Thysania" comes from the Greek, "Thysanus", meaning "a fringe", and "Zeno" means "Zenon", derived from the theonym "Zeus".
According to Butterflies and Moths (https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Thysania-zenobia):
Males can be distinguished from females through the observation of the forewings' stripe going from one end of the forewings to the other; this is absent in females. BugGuide states that males are more boldly marked (source at the end). They possess many zig-zag lines on all wings. Their hindwings are scalloped with grey outer margins of the forewings. Thysania zenobia are huge moths with a wingspan that ranges from 10 to 15cm. Thysania agrippina, another species of Thysania, are considered the largest moths wingspan-wise in the Americas, with a whopping 30cm wingspan. According to an unreliable source, Thysania agrippina has the most potent sense of smell in nature (http://www.rankbrasil.com.br/Recordes/Materias/0Laa/Maior_Mariposa_Do_Brasil) - Disconsider the picture; part of the information in there might be wrong).
A synonym is: Phalaena zenobia (Cramer, [1777]).
The moth is grey with, usually, blueish markings on the upperside of the wings (perhaps purple as well?) and an orangeish-red or brownish-cream underside. The antennae are setaceous and are dark brown. The thorax and the abdomen are dorsally grey, with a tuft of black hairs standing between them. Their palps are a shade of red with brown extremities. Their legs are both red and dark brown. The upperside of the forewings of my individual has a black stripe going from one end of the wings to the other; a second black stripe can be seen just a little below the first's middle, inclining towards the first when reaching the edges. The whole upperside of the wings is painted in many zig-zag lines, spots (such as the spot near the anterior margin of the forewings) and more irregular spots can be seen near the anterior margin of the upperside of the forewings. The upperside of the hindwings is grey with tones reaching up to a hue of brown. Their eyes are very large and compound. The underside of the wings has a bean-like spot near the anterior margin of the forewings. The underside of the wings are greyish-red with multiple black lines running paralleled with the edges of the wings and regularly placed one above the other. The third black line of the forewing's underside gets thicker as it reaches the anterior margin.
Thysania zenobia is native to Eastern North America, Central America, and ranges South at least to the Southeastern-most Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul. It is also found on the larger Caribbean Islands of Cuba, Hispaniola, Jamaica and Puerto Rico. It is also found on Bermuda and the Galapagos Islands. No records seem to exist in the West of Texas and in Hawaii.
They seem to migrate North in September and October, with some records showing that they migrate North as early as late June. (http://texasento.net/zenobia.htm)
Their Hodges Number is 8647 with a phylogenetic sequence of #930758.
The known host plants of Thysania zenobia's larvae are Senna sp. (Mill.) (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae: Cassieae: Cassiinae) ("senna") and Cassia sp. (L.) (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae: Cassieae: Cassiinae) ("cassia"). (https://bugguide.net/node/view/6017), more precisely these ones:
Senna bicapsularis (L.) Roxb.
Cassia ferruginea ((Schrader) Schrader ex DC.)
Cassia fistulosa (L. ex Long & Lakela)
Cassia imperialis (Hort.)
This is the larva of Thysania zenobia:
1 - http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu/Wadults/resultsallphoto.lasso?photocode dotj=DHJ9576.j - Head and thorax dorsally.
2 - http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu/Wadults/photopage.lasso?photocode dotj=DHJ9577.j - Lateral view of the body.
3 - http://janzen.sas.upenn.edu/Wadults/resultsallphoto.lasso?photocode dotj=DHJ9580.j - Ventral view of the abdomen.
The last larval instar seems to have a length of approximately 68mm.
I could find no information on the adult's host plants.
You can find an interactive map to their distribution here: http://texasento.net/Zen_map.htm
Another source:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thysania_zenobia
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thysania_zenobia
https://bugguide.net/node/view/156381 Animalia,Arthropoda,Brazil,Erebid moth,Erebidae,Erebinae,Geotagged,Insecta,Insects,Lepidoptera,Moth,Noctuoidea,Owl Moth,South America,Thermesiini,Thysania,Thysania zenobia,brazilian moths,heterocera,insect](https://s3.amazonaws.com/media.jungledragon.com/images/3305/62099_small.jpg?AWSAccessKeyId=05GMT0V3GWVNE7GGM1R2&Expires=1761782410&Signature=Y9ZtFlpDaVHCcN1Im4UvJ%2BA6Ui0%3D)
Thysania zenobia - Mariposa-Coruja / Owl Moth / Owlet Moth (Cramer, 1776) -
Podalia orsilocha - Mariposa-da-Lagarta-Cachorrinho (Cramer, 1775) -
Unidentified - Requires an ID -
Phereoeca uterella - Household Casebearer Moth / Plaster Bagworm / Traça-de-Parede (Walsingham, 1897) -
Phereoeca uterella - Household Casebearer Moth / Plaster Bagworm / Traça-de-Parede (Walsingham, 1897) -
Melipotis famelica - Mariposa-Famelica (Guenée, 1852) -
Habershonia areos - Fruit-Piercing Moth (Cramer, 1777) -
Moth - Pyralis manihotalis -
Hangin' Out -
Giant silk moth (Hyalophora cecropia) -
Two-toned Crest-moth (Fisera belidearia) -
Full body view of a male Cometh Moth -
Grass moth resting on grass -
Thysanoplusia orichalcea -
Erannis defoliaria - Spots -
Dirphia horcana (Saturniidae) -
Royal Walnut Moth - fuzzy face 2! -
Moth -
Phalera bucephala -
Geometridae? Needs ID -
Geometridae?? Needs ID -
Needs ID