Appearance
The sooty-capped hermit is about 14 to 15 cm long. Males weigh 4.5 to 6 g and females 4 to 5 g. They are mostly grayish brown above with a rufous rump and uppertail coverts. The next-to-inner tail feathers are longer than the others and all have white tips. Their underparts are gray. The face has a black "mask" with a white supercilium and gular stripe. The subspecies differ slightly in the intensity of the breast and uppertail covert colors and the size of the gular stripe. What was once thought to be a separate species "P. fumosus" was determined to be a melanistic morph of the nominate sooty-capped hermit.
Distribution
Major taxonomic systems place the nominate subspecies of sooty-capped hermit in Venezuela's Coastal Range and eastern Andes and south on the eastern slope of Colombia's Eastern Andes; "P. a. curiosus" in the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of northeastern Colombia; and "P. a incanescens" on the tepuis of southern Venezuela, western Guyana, and Brazil's Roraima state. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society places the species in those four countries and also French Guiana and Suriname.
Status
The IUCN has assessed the sooty-capped hermit as being of Least Concern; though its population size is unknown it is believed to be stable. It is considered locally uncommon to common and seems "to adapt well to habitats modified by man".Habitat
Major taxonomic systems place the nominate subspecies of sooty-capped hermit in Venezuela's Coastal Range and eastern Andes and south on the eastern slope of Colombia's Eastern Andes; "P. a. curiosus" in the isolated Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta of northeastern Colombia; and "P. a incanescens" on the tepuis of southern Venezuela, western Guyana, and Brazil's Roraima state. The South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society places the species in those four countries and also French Guiana and Suriname.Reproduction
Active nests of the sooty-capped hermit have been found in Venezuela between February and July and also between September and December. The nest is a cone-shaped cup; a typical one was made of moss and spider web with pieces of dried mud on the outer wall. It was suspended by a single stout cable of spider silk from a nail in a storehouse. Nests may be reused multiple times within a season. The clutch size is two eggs.{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="background-color:#f6f6f6"
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Songs and calls
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Food
The sooty-capped hermit is a "trap-line" feeder like other hermit hummingbirds, visiting a circuit of flowering plants for nectar. It also consumes small arthropods, and has been observed catching them in buildings.References:
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