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Unidentified - Requires an ID - Geometridae Chrysalis (Darkened) Lepidoptera: Bombycina: Geometroidea: Geometridae<br /> <br /> Date: 9th of May, 2018 at 10:13:21pm.<br /> Location: Brazil, Cear&aacute;, Fortaleza (Lat: -3.75, Long: -38.51, 16th floor of a flat in an urban habitat)<br /> <br /> Full post here: <figure class="photo"><a href="https://www.jungledragon.com/image/62139/unidentified_-_requires_an_id_-_geometridae_chrysalis.html" title="Unidentified - Requires an ID - Geometridae Chrysalis"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/media.jungledragon.com/images/3305/62139_thumb.jpg?AWSAccessKeyId=05GMT0V3GWVNE7GGM1R2&Expires=1763596810&Signature=LFggEDBL5dN%2BOo3QquztzaP1wNw%3D" width="200" height="124" alt="Unidentified - Requires an ID - Geometridae Chrysalis Lepidoptera: Bombycina: Geometroidea: Geometridae: ???<br /> <br /> Date: 7th of May, 2018 at 09:25:42pm. Before the darkening.<br /> Location: Brazil, Cear&aacute;, Fortaleza (Lat: -3.75, Long: -38.51, 16th floor of a flat in an urban habitat)<br /> <br /> At first, I found this chrysalis really well hidden under the leaf of a Lantana sp.. I collected the chrysalis to care for it and to see what it would turn into.<br /> <br /> However, a few days later, the chrysalis turned dark and so I thought it was parasitized or dead. Then, I proceeded to check the picture of the chrysalis before it darkened, which is the picture in this post. I thought it was either a Geometridae, a Crambidae or a Hesperiidae. I sent it to Insetologia for help, and Cesar observed carefully and found that the antennae of the adult moth could be seen inside the translucent chrysalis! Here: https://uploads.disquscdn.com/images/b8345f63e671fd16063cb2c5b9b988f284df2c8a149ae8c139756a11dfcbc947.jpg<br /> <br /> Cesar also noted that the venations of the first pair of wings could be partially seen and reminded him of Geometroidea, leaving the possibilities under Geometridae, Uraniidae (definitely not this one) or Apatelodidae (possible but extremely unlikely). As for the Apatelodidae, their pupae are poorly known and I&#039;ve never ever seen an Apatelodid moth in person in my life, whereas I always see Geometrids around here. So, for percentual probabilities&#039; sake, I conclude, through the observations noted above, that it is extremely likely that this is a pupa of a moth in the order Lepidoptera, subdivision Bombycina, superfamily Geometroidea and family Geometridae, but it is impossible for me to go further than this.<br /> <br /> After the pupa darkened, I decided to care for it to see what kind of Dipteran or Hymenopteran would emerge from it. Here is a picture of the darkened pupa (9th of May , 2018 at 10:13:21pm):<br /> <br /> https://www.jungledragon.com/image/62138/dsc_8213.html<br /> <br /> However, after a few days caring for the dark pupa, an incision appeared sagittally on the dorsal surface of the pupa as can be noted in the picture provided. Then, the pupa turned completely empty and became a frail exuvia that could break through simple touching. This really confused me, as I was practically sure it was dead or parasitized, but the adult moth seemingly emerged from it due to the state of the incision and how empty the pupa turned all of a sudden. Sadly, I could not see the eclosure of the adult moth... The night before it turned empty, the pupa was still dark and when I woke up early the next day, it was completely empty with the incision on top. With this, I came to the likely conclusion that it was never dead and that the adult moth emerged from it successfully, as I&#039;ve never seen a Dipteran or Hymenopteran come out of a pupa like this, nor leave the pupa in a completely hollow exuvia within such a little timespan.<br /> <br /> Here is a picture of the exuvia (3rd of June, 2018 at 02:22:00pm):<br /> <br /> https://www.jungledragon.com/image/62140/pupa.html<br /> <br /> I could note, through the whole process, 8 abdominal segments, two breathing holes on the head and a slightly darker thorax. The breathing holes allows air to go inside the pupa as well as moisture which prevents it from drying out. The air is also elastic, which can be expanded and compressed. The pressure maintains the inner part of the pupa and creates cohesion. The pupa measured approximately 1,05cm in length and approximately 4mm in width. The pupa was relatively slightly translucent, allowing observation of the antennae and part of the venations of the first pair of wings, which were reminiscent of those of Geometroidea.<br /> <br /> Sources:<br /> <br /> Article on Insetologia: https://www.insetologia.com.br/2018/06/pupa-de-lepidoptero-no-ceara.html<br /> <br /> https://books.google.com.br/books?id=hodfFYyjrR8C&amp;pg=PA20&amp;lpg=PA20&amp;dq=pupa+breathing+holes&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=hrdvq_bQ9G&amp;sig=qXHBdlXHTuElMKGuxZgP3K0mV88&amp;hl=pt-BR&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=0ahUKEwiA0P_hj_XbAhUKiZAKHW7GAn4Q6AEIODAF#v=onepage&amp;q=pupa breathing holes&amp;f=false<br /> <br /> More pictures here in Project Noah, including dorsal view of the pupa before the darkening and after the darkening: http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/922794392 Animalia,Arthropoda,Brazil,GEOMETROIDEA,Geotagged,Insecta,Insects,Lepidoptera,Moth,Pupae,South America,animal,animals,geometridae,heterocera,insect,moths,pupa,unidentified,unknown" /></a></figure> Animalia,Arthropoda,Brazil,GEOMETROIDEA,Geotagged,Insecta,Insects,Lepidoptera,Moth,Pupae,South America,animal,animals,geometridae,heterocera,insect,moths,pupa,unidentified,unknown Click/tap to enlarge

Unidentified - Requires an ID - Geometridae Chrysalis (Darkened)

Lepidoptera: Bombycina: Geometroidea: Geometridae

Date: 9th of May, 2018 at 10:13:21pm.
Location: Brazil, Ceará, Fortaleza (Lat: -3.75, Long: -38.51, 16th floor of a flat in an urban habitat)

Full post here:

Unidentified - Requires an ID - Geometridae Chrysalis Lepidoptera: Bombycina: Geometroidea: Geometridae: ???<br /> <br /> Date: 7th of May, 2018 at 09:25:42pm. Before the darkening.<br /> Location: Brazil, Ceará, Fortaleza (Lat: -3.75, Long: -38.51, 16th floor of a flat in an urban habitat)<br /> <br /> At first, I found this chrysalis really well hidden under the leaf of a Lantana sp.. I collected the chrysalis to care for it and to see what it would turn into.<br /> <br /> However, a few days later, the chrysalis turned dark and so I thought it was parasitized or dead. Then, I proceeded to check the picture of the chrysalis before it darkened, which is the picture in this post. I thought it was either a Geometridae, a Crambidae or a Hesperiidae. I sent it to Insetologia for help, and Cesar observed carefully and found that the antennae of the adult moth could be seen inside the translucent chrysalis! Here: https://uploads.disquscdn.com/images/b8345f63e671fd16063cb2c5b9b988f284df2c8a149ae8c139756a11dfcbc947.jpg<br /> <br /> Cesar also noted that the venations of the first pair of wings could be partially seen and reminded him of Geometroidea, leaving the possibilities under Geometridae, Uraniidae (definitely not this one) or Apatelodidae (possible but extremely unlikely). As for the Apatelodidae, their pupae are poorly known and I've never ever seen an Apatelodid moth in person in my life, whereas I always see Geometrids around here. So, for percentual probabilities' sake, I conclude, through the observations noted above, that it is extremely likely that this is a pupa of a moth in the order Lepidoptera, subdivision Bombycina, superfamily Geometroidea and family Geometridae, but it is impossible for me to go further than this.<br /> <br /> After the pupa darkened, I decided to care for it to see what kind of Dipteran or Hymenopteran would emerge from it. Here is a picture of the darkened pupa (9th of May , 2018 at 10:13:21pm):<br /> <br /> https://www.jungledragon.com/image/62138/dsc_8213.html<br /> <br /> However, after a few days caring for the dark pupa, an incision appeared sagittally on the dorsal surface of the pupa as can be noted in the picture provided. Then, the pupa turned completely empty and became a frail exuvia that could break through simple touching. This really confused me, as I was practically sure it was dead or parasitized, but the adult moth seemingly emerged from it due to the state of the incision and how empty the pupa turned all of a sudden. Sadly, I could not see the eclosure of the adult moth... The night before it turned empty, the pupa was still dark and when I woke up early the next day, it was completely empty with the incision on top. With this, I came to the likely conclusion that it was never dead and that the adult moth emerged from it successfully, as I've never seen a Dipteran or Hymenopteran come out of a pupa like this, nor leave the pupa in a completely hollow exuvia within such a little timespan.<br /> <br /> Here is a picture of the exuvia (3rd of June, 2018 at 02:22:00pm):<br /> <br /> https://www.jungledragon.com/image/62140/pupa.html<br /> <br /> I could note, through the whole process, 8 abdominal segments, two breathing holes on the head and a slightly darker thorax. The breathing holes allows air to go inside the pupa as well as moisture which prevents it from drying out. The air is also elastic, which can be expanded and compressed. The pressure maintains the inner part of the pupa and creates cohesion. The pupa measured approximately 1,05cm in length and approximately 4mm in width. The pupa was relatively slightly translucent, allowing observation of the antennae and part of the venations of the first pair of wings, which were reminiscent of those of Geometroidea.<br /> <br /> Sources:<br /> <br /> Article on Insetologia: https://www.insetologia.com.br/2018/06/pupa-de-lepidoptero-no-ceara.html<br /> <br /> https://books.google.com.br/books?id=hodfFYyjrR8C&pg=PA20&lpg=PA20&dq=pupa+breathing+holes&source=bl&ots=hrdvq_bQ9G&sig=qXHBdlXHTuElMKGuxZgP3K0mV88&hl=pt-BR&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiA0P_hj_XbAhUKiZAKHW7GAn4Q6AEIODAF#v=onepage&q=pupa breathing holes&f=false<br /> <br /> More pictures here in Project Noah, including dorsal view of the pupa before the darkening and after the darkening: http://www.projectnoah.org/spottings/922794392 Animalia,Arthropoda,Brazil,GEOMETROIDEA,Geotagged,Insecta,Insects,Lepidoptera,Moth,Pupae,South America,animal,animals,geometridae,heterocera,insect,moths,pupa,unidentified,unknown

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By Oscar Neto

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Uploaded Jun 28, 2018. Captured in Rua Tomás Acioli, 1200 - Joaquim Távora, Fortaleza - CE, 60135-180, Brazil.
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