Appearance
The rufous hornero is a medium-sized ovenbird at 18 to 20 centimetres and 31 to 58 grams, with males being heavier. It has a slender and slightly decurved bill suited to eating insects, which is horn-coloured with a length of 2.5 centimetres. Wings length is 10.2 centimetres, with males generally being larger. The tail is short at 7.1 centimetres. The measurements of the specie may differ due to the Bergmann's rule.The sexes are not dimorphic in their plumage. It has a rufous brown back and pale buffy brown underparts. Its wings are pale brown except for the flight feathers which are blackish with cinnamon wingbars.
Naming
Five subspecies of the rufous hornero are generally recognized, based upon plumage and size:⤷ "F. r. rufus", the nominate subspecies, described by Gmelin in 1788. It is found in Uruguay to central Argentina and southern Brazil.
⤷ "F. r. albogularis", described as "Figulus albogularis" by von Spix in his "Avium species novae" in 1824. It is found in southeast Brazil, from the states of Goiás and Bahia to São Paulo.
⤷ "F. r. commersoni", described as "Furnarius commersoni" by von Pelzeln in his "Zur Ornithologie Brasiliens" in 1868. It is found in western Brazil and eastern Bolivia.
⤷ "F. r. paraguayae", described by Cherrie & Reichenberger in the "American Museum Novitates" journal in 1921. It is found in Paraguay and northern Argentina.
⤷ "F. r. schuhmacheri", described by Laubmann in his "Verhandlungen der Ornithologischen Gesellschaft in Bayern" in 1933. It is found in southern Bolivia.
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