Carissa carandas

Carissa carandas

''Carissa carandas'' is a species of flowering shrub in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. It produces berry-sized fruits that are commonly used as a condiment in Indian pickles and spices. It is a hardy, drought-tolerant plant that thrives well in a wide range of soils. Common names include ''karonda'' , ''karamardaka'' , kauLi hannu/ಕೌಳಿ ಹಣ್ಣು , kali maina/कालि मैना , ''vakkay'' , ''maha karamba/මහ කරඹ'' , ''kilaakkaai/கிளாக்காய்'' . Other names less widely used include: ''karauda'', ''karanda'', or ''karamda''.
Carissa_carandas_01  Carissa carandas,Geotagged,India

Distribution

''Carissa carandas'' grows naturally in the Himalayas at elevations of 300 to 1800 meters, in the Siwalik Hills, the Western Ghats and in Nepal and Afghanistan. It flourishes well in regions with high temperatures. In India it is grown on a limited scale in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Bihar, West Bengal and Uttar Pradesh. It is also grows in the Sri Lanka lowland rain forests.

Uses

The fruit is a rich source of iron, so it sometimes used in treatment of anaemia. It contains a fair amount of Vitamin C and therefore is an antiscorbutic.

Mature fruit is harvested for pickles. It contains pectin and accordingly is a useful ingredient in jelly, jam, syrup and chutney. Ripe fruits exude a white latex when severed from the branch.

The roots of the plant are heavily branched, making it valuable for stabilizing eroding slopes.

References:

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Taxonomy
KingdomPlantae
DivisionAngiosperms
ClassEudicots
OrderGentianales
FamilyApocynaceae
GenusCarissa
SpeciesC. carandas
Photographed in
India