Appearance
The short stem supports up to three opposing pairs of elliptical or lanceolate leaves. The conspicuous vivid blue flowers are 1–2 cm in diameter, with a deeply five-lobed corolla; they are produced in late spring to early summer. The flowers attract butterflies and bees for pollination. Ants are responsible for the spreading of its seeds.
Distribution
''G. verna'' is one of the most widespread gentians, found on sunny alpine meadows throughout Eurasia from Ireland to Russia. It is common in central and southeastern Europe, such as in low mountain ranges like the Jura and Balkans, and up to an altitude of 2,600 metres.It is also to be found in mountainous regions ranging from the High Atlas of Morocco to the mountains of Turkey, Iraq and Iran. In northern Europe, it is very rare, confined to Teesdale in northern England and a handful of locations in western Ireland.
Habitat
It tends to thrive on dry meadows with chalky soil; it is also known to grow in silicaceous soils. Its scarcity has led to protection in a number of European countries as an endangered species.References:
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