Appearance
Like others in the genus, it has a broad black ventral line and has no crest. This tit is part of a confusing group of species but is distinct in having a grey-back, black hood, white cheek patch and a white wing-bar. The underparts are white with the black central stripe running along the length. The female has a narrower ventral line and is slightly duller. The upper tail coverts are ashy while the tail is black with the central 4 pairs of feathers ashy on the outer webs and all but the central pair are tipped white. The fifth pair is white with a black rachis and a band of black on the inner web. The outermost pair of tail feathers are all white with a black shaft. The undertail coverts are black towards the centre but white on the sides.
Behavior
These birds are usually seen in pairs or small groups that sometimes join mixed-species foraging flocks. They forage mainly by gleaning, capturing insects that are disturbed and will also feeding on buds and fruits. They sometimes use their feet to hold insects which are then torn with their beak. They may also wedge hard seeds in a bark crevice before hammering them with their beak .The calls are a whistling ''titiweesi...titiweesi... witsi-seesee'' or other variants repeated three of four times followed by a break. The calling is particularly persistent during the breeding season. In playback experiments, the ''churring'' alarm calls of the European ''Parus major'' and Asian species are responded to by each other but the songs of the European species do not elicit much response in ''P. c. mahrattarum''. About 4 to 6 eggs form the normal clutch . The breeding season is summer and but dates vary across their range. Some birds may raise more than one brood. In southern India and Sri Lanka the breeding season is February to May but nests have also been seen from September to November. The nests are placed in hollows in trees or in a wall or mud-bank with a narrow entrance hole and the floor of the cavity is lined with moss, hair and feathers. They sometimes make use of the old nest of a woodpecker or barbet. Both parents take part in incubation and hissing from within the nest when threatened. They may also roost in cavities such as those in cut bamboo.
A species of flea ''Ceratophyllus gallinae'' has been recorded in their nests from India.
Habitat
These birds are usually seen in pairs or small groups that sometimes join mixed-species foraging flocks. They forage mainly by gleaning, capturing insects that are disturbed and will also feeding on buds and fruits. They sometimes use their feet to hold insects which are then torn with their beak. They may also wedge hard seeds in a bark crevice before hammering them with their beak .The calls are a whistling ''titiweesi...titiweesi... witsi-seesee'' or other variants repeated three of four times followed by a break. The calling is particularly persistent during the breeding season. In playback experiments, the ''churring'' alarm calls of the European ''Parus major'' and Asian species are responded to by each other but the songs of the European species do not elicit much response in ''P. c. mahrattarum''. About 4 to 6 eggs form the normal clutch . The breeding season is summer and but dates vary across their range. Some birds may raise more than one brood. In southern India and Sri Lanka the breeding season is February to May but nests have also been seen from September to November. The nests are placed in hollows in trees or in a wall or mud-bank with a narrow entrance hole and the floor of the cavity is lined with moss, hair and feathers. They sometimes make use of the old nest of a woodpecker or barbet. Both parents take part in incubation and hissing from within the nest when threatened. They may also roost in cavities such as those in cut bamboo.
A species of flea ''Ceratophyllus gallinae'' has been recorded in their nests from India.
References:
Some text fragments are auto parsed from Wikipedia.
