Appearance
Description in South .Naming
*''Erebia epiphron epiphron'' Harz Mountains⤷ ''Erebia epiphron aetheria'' Esper, 1805
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron mackeri'' Fuchs, 1914
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron mnemon'' Haworth, 1812
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron orientpyreanica'' Eisner, 1946 Pyrénées-Orientales
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron pyreanica'' Herrich-Schläffer, 1851
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron silasiana'' Meyer-Dür, 1852
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron transylvanica'' Rebel, 1908
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron retyezatensis'' Warren 1931
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron roosi'' Arnscheid & Sterba
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron orientalis'' or ''Erebia orientalis'' Bulgaria
⤷ ''Erebia epiphron nelamus'' high altitude
Hybrid ''Erebia serotina'' ''epiphron'' × ''Erebia pronoe''
Distribution
Mountain areas of Albania, Andorra, Austria, Great Britain, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Liechtenstein, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Yugoslavia .Evolution
The pale cream eggs are laid singly, each female laying up to 70. The egg stage lasts two or three weeks.The larva is green with a double dorsal and a single lateral white or yellowish line. The third instar larvae hibernate in grass tussocks. They emerge in the spring and recommence feeding. Some larvae spend two years in this stage, the result of a late spring and short summer restricting growth. Recorded larval food plants are ''Aira praecox'' , ''Deschampsia cespitosa'' , ''Festuca ovina'' , ''Nardus stricta'' and ''Poa annua''
The pupa is formed deep in grass tussocks, encased within a loose silk structure. The pupa stage lasts about three weeks.
The flight period is extremely short, a few weeks only, June to August depending on altitude.
References:
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