Massospora cicadina

Massospora cicadina

''Massospora cicadina'' is a fungal pathogen that infects only 13 and 17 year periodical cicadas. Infection results in a "plug" of spores that replaces the end of the cicada's abdomen while it is still alive, leading to infertility, disease transmission, and eventual death of the cicada.
Massospora cicadina This is a picture of Massospora cicadina at the Hilton Area of Patapsco Valley State Park in Catonsville, Maryland. Geotagged,Massospora cicadina,Spring,United States

Behavior

Spores of ''M. cicadina'' are capable of germinating and infecting cicadas at as little as one year but may remain dormant for either 13 or 17 years before becoming active. This synchronous cycle corresponds with local periods of cicada emergence. ''M. cicadina'' is thought to be the only pathogen that coincides with its host's 17-year life cycle; because of this it is considered to have the longest life cycle of any fungus. ''M. cicadina'' resting spores do not require a dormant period: They are capable of germinating and infecting periodical cicadas after less than a year from their introduction into soil. Cicadas are believed to become infected by fungal spores as the nymphs dig tunnels to the soil surface days before their emergence as adults.

Habitat

Species of the genus ''Massospora'' are found in the same habitats as their host cicadas, which includes large temperate ranges in the Southern and Northern hemispheres.

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Taxonomy
KingdomFungi
DivisionZygomycota
ClassZygomycetes
OrderEntomophthorales
FamilyEntomophthoraceae
GenusMassospora
SpeciesM. cicadina