Appearance
A monoecious tree, it is small, slow-growing, reaching 15–20 m and 0.5 m trunk diameter. The foliage forms in flat sprays with scale-like leaves 2–4 mm long, which are bright green in colour but may turn brownish or coppery orange in winter. The cones are 1.5–2.5 cm long, green ripening brown in about eight months from pollination, and have 6–12 thick scales arranged in opposite pairs. The seeds are 4–6 mm long, with no wing.The branches are relatively short, loosely arranged and, usually, sharply directed upwards, and the bark, brownish, is detached in narrow vertical strips. The twigs are compressed and are arranged in vertical planes. The leaves, arranged in four rows, fleshy, opposite, decussate, truncated, imbricated as adults, somewhat curved inwards, of uniform green color and with a resiniferous gland on the underside. The female cones, of pink-salmon color and later bluish-greenish when immature, centimetric and of annual maturation, are oval with 6-8 flattened, thick scales, coriaceous and provided with an apical hook.
Naming
The binomial "Platycladus" means 'with broad or flattened shoots' deriving from Greek "platys" 'broad, flat, level' and "klados" 'branch, shoot of a tree'. The qualifier "orientalis" refers to its native habitat in China.
Distribution
It is native to northwestern China, but it is difficult to distinguish the areas where they are native safely from those where they have been introduced. It is distributed in Manchuria, Russian Far East, and now it is naturalised in Korea, Japan, India, Florida and Iran as well. It is also cultivated in many parts of the world in parks, gardens, home yards, cemeteries and for hedges.
Uses
Resistant to drought, it is very often used as an ornamental tree, both in its homeland, where it is associated with long life and vitality, and very widely elsewhere in temperate climates. It is suitable for form cuts and year-round opaque hedges, but also forms impressive slender solitary trees. Several cultivars have been selected, of which 'Aurea Nana' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.The wood is used in Buddhist temples both for construction work, and chipped, for incense burning. Its twigs and leaves contain 0.12% essential oil containing pinene and probably caryophyllene....hieroglyph snipped... Its use as a memorial tree dates back to the Zhou dynasty in China, where it was the official memorial tree of princes.
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