Japanese giant salamander

The Japanese giant salamander is endemic to Japan, where it is known as ''Ōsanshōuo'' , literally meaning "giant pepper fish". With a length of up to almost 1.5 m , it is the second-largest salamander in the world, only being surpassed by the very similar and closely related Chinese giant salamander . There are only three known members of the Cryptobranchidae family: the Japanese and Chinese giant salamanders and the Eastern hellbender.

Japanese giant salamanders are widespread across rivers in southwestern Japan. The species frequently hybridizes with Chinese giant salamanders, which were introduced to the area.