
Chocolate Hills, Philippines
Located in the island of Bohol, there are at least 1,260 dome-shaped limestone hills spread over an area of more than 50 square km, covered in green grass that turns brown (like chocolate) during the dry season, hence their name.
These are conical karst hills similar to those seen in the limestone regions of Slovenia, Croatia, northern Puerto Rico, and Pinar del Río Province, Cuba. They consist of Late Pliocene to Early Pleistocene, thin to medium bedded, sandy to rubbly marine limestones. These limestones contain abundant fossils of shallow marine foraminifera, coral, mollusks, and algae. The conical shape, called cockpit karst, was created by a combination of the dissolution of limestone by rainfall, surface water, and groundwater, and their subaerial erosion by rivers and streams after they had been uplifted above sea level and fractured by tectonic processes.
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