Calligonum comosum is a shrub of the desert sands. It grows from Central Asia to the Middle East.
Similar species: Pinks, Cactuses, And Allies
By Ori Fragman Sapir
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Uploaded Feb 20, 2022. Captured Feb 18, 2022 10:57 in Mangrove Beach entrance - E11 - Khor Al Yeefrah - الزوير - ام القيوين - United Arab Emirates.
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It’s remarkable that some plants, such as this stunning Calligonum comosum, can survive in the desert. This species inhabits the drastically arid deserts of North Africa and into the Middle East. The areas in which it grows receive less than 100 mm (4 in) of rainfall annually! This species is important in preventing erosion, stabilizing the shifting sands, and improving the organic content of the soil. It is also harvested for use as medicine, food, and fuel.
How does it survive the harsh, desert conditions where rainfall is a rare occurrence? Not to mention that it also has to protect itself from pathogens and herbivores.
Structurally, this species has a lot going for it…Its extensive root system has long taproots that are able to reach all the way down to the water table. Moreover, the stems of C. comosum have layers of sclerenchyma (strengthening tissue) and clusters of calcium oxalate crystals, which make it very difficult for herbivores to eat, unless they don’t mind damaging their mouths in the process. Plus, its high density wood is strong enough to withstand strong winds and blowing sands.
To further enhance its awesomeness, this species produces phytochemicals, which repel herbivores and provide defense against pathogens. Specifically, C. comosum produces alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, and essential oils. And, since the plants tend to grow in groups, the amount of volatile oils being released should be great enough to deter natural enemies.
Studying the survival mechanisms used by plants in arid environments is so beneficial. The information gathered can aid in the development of systems that would allow us to grow crops under dry and pest-intense conditions. Furthermore, understanding the phytochemical components of plants could be helpful in providing guidance and recommendations to local populations who may look to these plants as a food source. {Calligonum comosum spotted by Ori Fragman-Sapir in the United Arab Emirates} #JungleDragon #Calligonumcomosum
https://www.facebook.com/jungledragonwildlife Posted one year ago